{"id":2039,"date":"2018-01-22T15:28:16","date_gmt":"2018-01-22T08:28:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/?p=2039"},"modified":"2018-01-26T15:40:47","modified_gmt":"2018-01-26T08:40:47","slug":"cho-vay-theo-chuoi-gia-tri-chien-luoc-cho-vay-nong-nghiep-hieu-qua-va-giai-phap-cho-he-thong-ngan-hang-tai-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/vi\/cho-vay-theo-chuoi-gia-tri-chien-luoc-cho-vay-nong-nghiep-hieu-qua-va-giai-phap-cho-he-thong-ngan-hang-tai-viet-nam\/","title":{"rendered":"Cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb – Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho vay n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"
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  1. Cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (value chain finance) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho vay n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay. Theo T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c (FAO, 2010), cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o v\u1ed1n cho m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia trong chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, mua s\u1eafm s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong chu\u1ed7i. Cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i vay tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u1eebng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho vay theo c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong chu\u1ed7i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 theo d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ed1ng trong chu\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i vay (borrowers), nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho vay (lenders) v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho vay (lending products). Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i vay bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tham gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i hay h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3); c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tham gia v\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o hay quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, xay x\u00e1t, kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh; c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, b\u00e1n bu\u00f4n; v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5\u00a0 nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, t\u00e0i x\u1ebf xe t\u1ea3i,,,); v\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hay ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho vay bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh (c\u00e1c NHTM, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh phi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh vi m\u00f4, c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng cho vay v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho vay ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n (< 12 th\u00e1ng); t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng trung h\u1ea1n (t\u1eeb 13 th\u00e1ng – 60 th\u00e1ng); t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (h\u01a1n 60 th\u00e1ng) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho thu\u00ea t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

    Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd cho ph\u00e9p t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 tham gia kh\u00e1c nhau trong quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1c vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 tham gia s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho vay trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng – nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong chu\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \"1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

    \n

    Trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n cho vay s\u1ebd ch\u1ea3y theo hai h\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c hay \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 tham gia. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong ng\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y l\u00faa, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 b\u00e1n bu\u00f4n l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n vay \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn gia c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1t l\u00faa g\u1ea1o ch\u01b0a qua ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 thanh to\u00e1n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau khi g\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u00e1n ra. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n xay x\u00e1t l\u00faa g\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

    C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 tham gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i vay \u0111\u1ec3 mua h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua ch\u1ecbu nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn (tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd) v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e1t l\u00faa, si\u00eau th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/u><\/em>:<\/u><\/em><\/p>\n

    Theo t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00f9ng Ch\u00e2u Phi c\u1eadn Saharan, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft trong cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    – M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kinh doanh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh: Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u0169, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u00f3i chung r\u1ea5t th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm h\u1ecd. Trong khi nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1ed1n theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tra gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

    – C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m: \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam chi ph\u00ed kinh doanh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tham chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1eabn c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

    – V\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng k\u00e9m do s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch x\u00f3a n\u1ee3 hay s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

    – Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

    – L\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cao: \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh vi m\u00f4 khi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean doanh thu cao. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ph\u00ed \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

    –\u00a0 V\u1ed1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n\/kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh kho\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng: Ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung h\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cho vay c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u trung v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

    – R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd: R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p).<\/p>\n

    – Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u Phi, vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, nhi\u1ec1u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang sinh s\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho vi\u1ec7c cho vay c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

    – Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadp c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf: Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1y ATM, mobile banking, m\u00e1y thanh to\u00e1n ti\u1ec1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m MIS c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong CNTT cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng theo d\u00f5i
    \nv\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng<\/strong> tri\u1ec3n khai <\/strong>cho vay chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p <\/strong>t\u1ea1i<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 <\/strong>gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Ng\u00e0y 10\/6\/2013, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3\u00a0Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 899\/Q\u0110-TTg\u00a0ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u00e1i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. T\u1ea1i Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 14\/NQ-CP ng\u00e0y 05\/3\/2014 phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 th\u00e1ng 2\/2014, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 giao Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam (NHNN) ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n (B\u1ed9 NN&PTNT), B\u1ed9 Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 (B\u1ed9 KH&CN) x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho vay th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung \u01b0u ti\u00ean sau: c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong chu\u1ed7i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong chu\u1ed7i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, NHNN \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh 1050\/Q\u0110-NHNN (Q\u0110 1050) ng\u00e0y 28\/5\/2014 v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho vay th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 14\/NQ-CP c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 nh\u01b0: (i) l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cho vay \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i\u00a0th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cho vay th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1-1,5%\/n\u0103m (ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n: 7%\/n\u0103m, trung h\u1ea1n: 10%\/n\u0103m, d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n: 10,5%\/n\u0103m)[1]<\/a>; (ii) m\u1ee9c cho vay l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 90% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n vay v\u1ed1n; (iii) nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e9p k\u00edn t\u1eeb kh\u00e2u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e2u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian vay tr\u00ean 12 th\u00e1ng (nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 18 th\u00e1ng), m\u1ed7i kh\u00e2u (s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5) \u0111\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1edbi 12 th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng cam k\u1ebft tr\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u1ee3 sau m\u1ed7i kh\u00e2u c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i th\u00ec ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (NHTM) xem x\u00e9t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cho vay ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng; (iv) tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho vay kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m theo Q\u0110 1050, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 07 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (NHTM) tham gia v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho 22 doanh nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 22 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ea1i 17 t\u1ec9nh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tham gia ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho vay th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft; trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ng\u00e2n cho 10 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chu\u1ed7i li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, 11 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 01 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

      Ng\u00e0y 09\/06\/2015, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 55\/2015\/N\u0110-CP (Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 55) v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n thay th\u1ebf Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 41\/2010\/N\u0110-CP ng\u00e0y 12\/4\/2010 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 55 \u0111i k\u00e8m l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 10\/2015\/TT-NHNN ban h\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 22\/7\/2015 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y 25\/7\/2015 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 55. Theo \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng cung c\u1ea5p, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng xem x\u00e9t cho vay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u1ed1i \u0111a b\u1eb1ng 70% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n cho vay theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh li\u00ean k\u1ebft; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed1i \u0111a 80% \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n li\u00ean k\u1ebft theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m cho vay chu\u1ed7i li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao theo Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 14 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u0169ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u1eeb khi Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 55 ra \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

      V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ti\u1ec1n vay, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng vay tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt. C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, h\u1ed9 kinh doanh, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 trang tr\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng cho vay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m theo 8 m\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n

      1- T\u1ed1i \u0111a 50 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u01b0 tr\u00fa ngo\u00e0i khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00eau t\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c 3).<\/p>\n

      2- T\u1ed1i \u0111a 100 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u01b0 tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n; c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u01b0 tr\u00fa ngo\u00e0i khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u00f3 tham gia li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c DN (tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00eau t\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c 3).<\/p>\n

      3- T\u1ed1i \u0111a 200 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

      4-\u00a0 T\u1ed1i \u0111a 300 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1ed9 kinh doanh.<\/p>\n

      5- T\u1ed1i \u0111a 500 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ed9 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, h\u1ed9 khai th\u00e1c h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n xa b\u1edd c\u00f3 k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

      6- T\u1ed1i \u0111a 1 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, ch\u1ee7 trang tr\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

      7- T\u1ed1i \u0111a 2 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c khai th\u00e1c h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n xa b\u1edd, cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 khai th\u00e1c h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n xa b\u1edd; c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 trang tr\u1ea1i nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n; li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c m\u1ee9c 8.<\/p>\n

      8-\u00a0 T\u1ed1i \u0111a 3 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c khai th\u00e1c h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n xa b\u1edd, cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 khai th\u00e1c h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n xa b\u1edd.<\/p>\n

      Hi\u1ec7n nay,\u00a0Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ea7n l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cho vay, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o 5 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: (i) Kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf tr\u1ea7n l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cho vay v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n; xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u; c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ee5 tr\u1ee3; doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u1eeba; c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao (hi\u1ec7n \u1edf m\u1ee9c 7%\/n\u0103m) theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 08\/2014\/TT-NHNN ng\u00e0y 17\/3\/2014; (ii) Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 20\/2010\/TT-NHNN, ng\u00e0y 29\/9\/2010; (iii) K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a trong h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t sau thu h\u1ea1ch, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 100% ho\u1eb7c 50% theo th\u1eddi gian vay l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

      V\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1\/2017 th\u00f4ng qua h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c phi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ea1i 28 t\u1ec9nh\/th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng kinh doanh ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 66,4% ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y trong ng\u1eafn-trung h\u1ea1n; \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i li\u00ean k\u1ebft s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n. Hi\u1ec7n nay, nhi\u1ec1u NHTM \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ef1a theo ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng m\u00ecnh k\u00e8m theo nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 thanh to\u00e1n (85,5%) v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi (75%); b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 55,5% ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u1ebb, 48,2% \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng mua b\u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7, 47,3% \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u, 44,6% \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 32,7% \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng thu h\u1ed9 – chi h\u1ed9 ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t. Do \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c cho vay m\u1edbi n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00ec c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam hay s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh tham gia trong chu\u1ed7i c\u00f2n \u00edt (nh\u01b0 cho thu\u00ea t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh: 10,9%; bao thanh to\u00e1n: 17,3%). Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hay t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 cho vay. Do v\u1eady, c\u00e1c NHTM nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00f2n \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 r\u1ee7i ro t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, r\u1ee7i ro ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Theo \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c NHTM, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro trong cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o c\u00e1c gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i vay, r\u1ee7i ro do ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i vay qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee3, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft x\u1ea5u, v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i vay (ho\u1eb7c c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec3 k\u00e8o, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 chu\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n), kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c NHTM hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u NHTM c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 d\u00e8 d\u1eb7t trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c cho vay n\u00e0y. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c NHTM trong vi\u1ec7c cung \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong chu\u1ed7i d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

      Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m t\u1edbi, ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00e1i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i chung, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, cung \u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb theo h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

      – Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 quy ho\u1ea1ch v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\/quy ho\u1ea1ch d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1i c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p theo h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n

      – X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng khung ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng kinh t\u1ebf d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 tham gia trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n; b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, c\u00f4ng khai, minh b\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia; ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong chu\u1ed7i; v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 l\u1eabn nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

      – Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, tri\u1ec3n khai r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p y\u00ean t\u00e2m trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n li\u00ean k\u1ebft, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

      – \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c NHTM, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ban h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn quy tr\u00ecnh, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eebng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng. Trong \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c cho vay ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ti\u00eau ch\u00ed\u00a0 v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb; nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 trong chu\u1ed7i; c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf tham gia \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 cho vay, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i cho vay trong ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb; qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh; hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n; v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

      – Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tri\u1ec3n khai ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tham gia trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cung \u1ee9ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tham gia trong chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

      ThS. Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Minh H\u1eb1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Vi\u1ec7n Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \n

      T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

      T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/u><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh 1050; 1051 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c NHNN<\/li>\n
      2. TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Ti\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4ng, ng\u00e0nh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/li>\n
      3. Vi\u1ec7n Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, B\u00e1o c\u00e1o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, th\u00e1ng 1\/2017<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i: <\/u><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. United States Agency for International Development (USAID) (9\/2012), Strengthening agricultural value chain lending.<\/li>\n
        2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) (2010), Agricultural Value Chain Finance, Calvin Miller and Linda Jones<\/li>\n
        3. African Development Bank (2013). Agricultural Value Chain Financing (AVCF) and Development for Enhanced Export Competitiveness.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          [1]<\/a> C\u00e1c m\u1ee9c l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cho vay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 6,5% (ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n), 9,5% (trung h\u1ea1n), 10% (d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n) theo Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 2662\/Q\u0110-NHNN<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          Cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Cho vay theo chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (value chain finance) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho vay n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay. Theo T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c (FAO, 2010), cho vay …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[50],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2039"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2039"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2039\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2042,"href":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2039\/revisions\/2042"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2039"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2039"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/khoahocnganhang.org.vn\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2039"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}